Myanmar’s ruling party lawmakers on Tuesday rejected an opposition party-sponsored bill to amend the constitution to allow chief ministers in ethnic minority regions to be elected, rather than appointed by the country’s president, legislators said.
Military-appointed and ethnic parliamentarians supported the measure proposed by the main opposition Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) on the sixth day of voting on changes to the charter.
The bill, submitted by USDP lawmaker Thein Tun, called for amending Article 261(b), which gives the president the power to appoint chief ministers in all of Myanmar’s states and regions.
But it failed to receive more than 75 percent of all votes that it needed to pass.
At Tuesday’s session, 631 lawmakers participated in the vote, while 23 were on leave. The measure received 239 votes in favor, and 388 objections, with four disqualifications.
Some lawmakers said they believe that their NLD colleagues voted in unison against the bill, while MPs from the USDP, Arakan National Party (ANP), and the military voted in favor of it.
ANP lawmaker Pe Than from the lower house of parliament said NLD lawmakers who rejected the change determined the outcome of the ballot have made it clear that the party opposes political decentralization, though MPs from the USDP and ethnic political parties supported it.
“It is ironic that a major democratic party is rejecting all attempts for decentralization,” he said. “It is tragic for our ethnic minorities because they are not allowing us to experience the essence of federalism. This has become a major roadblock in the long journey ahead.”
NLD lawmaker Myat Nyana Soe from parliament’s upper house told the media that the measure failed to pass because the party previously sought to pass the measure in conjunction with a proposal to reduce the number of military MPs, who are appointed to one-fourth of the seats in the assembly.
“These ballots are being cast by the free will of individual MPs,” he said. “The results could change any time.”
Military MP Lieutenant Colonel Myo Htet Win said changing Article 261(b) is crucial for decentralization and sharing power between Union government and regional governments.
“We believe that if we want to create a federal and democratic union, amending Article 261(b) is crucial for ethnic groups and ethnic parties who cannot compete with the major parties in elections,” he said. “It is essential to change it if we really want to proceed with the sharing of power with regional governments.”
Myanmar political analyst Aung Thu Nyein said the NLD’s rejection of the measure has weakened trust and understanding between parties.
“It now has become a trend that the NLD will reject all bills sponsored by other parties, and MPs from all other parties will do the same with NLD-sponsored bills,” he said.
“It also has disrupted the trust and understanding between parties,” he added. “If the NLD wants to try this again, it will take it a long time to rebuild that trust.”
Other bill rejected
A bill submitted by military MP Brigadier General Maung Maung to change the required qualifications for state and regional chief minister also failed to pass on Tuesday.
The measure would have barred candidates with foreign citizens in their immediate families from becoming a central government minister or chief minister in states and regions.
“In order for us to so succeed with the passage of constitutional amendments, there should be trust building between parties and factions,” he said. “It’s not good because the [NLD] is trying to push though changes with [its] majority vote.”
The NLD holds 59 percent of the seats in parliament, while ethnic parties hold 11 percent, and the USDP has 5 percent. Appointed military lawmakers hold a constitutionally mandated 25 percent.
“Only by means of negotiations and inclusive brainstorming can we find a way that works,” Maung Maung said.
The NLD pledged to reform the constitution in the run-up to the November 2015 general elections, which it won by a landslide.
But its efforts to make democratic changes to the charter have largely been rejected this week by military and opposition party lawmakers, dashing the NLD’s hopes of fulfilling its campaign promise before the next general election at the end of 2020.
Reported by Thiha Tun and Thet Su Aung for RFA’s Myanmar Service. Translated by Ye Kaung Myint Maung. Written in English by Roseanne Gerin.